The Lineage of the Prophet MuÍammad[1]
The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, also known as AbË al-QÉsim, traces his noble lineage as
follows: he is MuÍammad, the son of ‘Abdullah, the son of ‘Abd al-MuÏÏalib
(whose original name was Shaybah al-Hamd), the son of Hashim (originally named
‘Amr), the son of ‘Abd Manaf (whose true name was al-Mughira), the son of Qusay
(also known as Zayd), the son of Kilab, the son of Murrah, the son of Ka‘b, the
son of Lu'ayy, the son of Ghalib, the son of Fihr, the son of Malik, the son of
al-Nadr, the son of Kinana, the son of Khuzayma, the son of Mudrika, the son of
Ilyas, the son of Mudar, the son of Nizar, the son of Ma‘ad, the son of Adnan.
At this juncture, the Prophet's lineage is irrefutably verified, leaving
no room for speculation. Adnan, without question, is a direct descendant of
Isma‘il (known as the "sacrificed one"[2]),
the son of Ibrahim, the intimate friend of Allah and His Messenger. May the
peace and blessings of Allah be upon our master Muhammad, upon both Ibrahim and
Isma‘il, and upon all of Allah's Prophets and Messengers.
The Prophet’s lineage intersects with various significant families. At
‘Abd al-Muttalib, his descent converges with the descendants of ‘Ali, Ja‘far,
and ‘Aqil—these being the sons of Abu Talib—as well as the offspring of
al-‘Abbas, al-Harith, and Abu Lahab. Through ‘Abd Manaf, his ancestry merges
with the descendants of Umayyah, encompassing the entirety of the progeny of
‘Abd Shams, along with the descendants of al-Muttalib and Naufal. At Qusayy,
his lineage links with the descendants of ‘Abd al-‘Uzza and ‘Abd al-Dar, the
latter being the custodians of the Ka‘bah.
Furthermore, at Kilab, the Prophet’s lineage connects with the
descendants of Zuhra, from whom his mother, Amina bint Wahb emerged—Amina being
the daughter of ‘Abd Manaf ibn Zuhra. At Murra, the Prophet’s ancestry merges
with Banu Tamim and Banu Makhzum, the sons of Yaqaza ibn Murra. At Ka‘b, his
lineage intersects with Banu ‘Adi, Banu Jumah, and Banu Sahm. At Lu'ayy, his ancestry
intersects with the descendants of Banu ‘Amir ibn Lu'ayy. At Ghalib, his
lineage connects with the offspring of Banu Taym al-Adram. Through Fihr, his
descent converges with Banu Harith and Banu Muharib. It is Fihr who serves as
the progenitor of all of Quraysh; anyone not descended from Fihr holds no
recognized lineage within the tribe of Quraysh, while those descended from him
are considered Qurayshi.
At Kinana, the Prophet’s lineage intersects with all the descendants of
Kinana, including the offspring of ‘Abd Manaf, Malik, Malkan, Huddal, and ‘Amr
ibn Kinana. At Khuzayma, his lineage converges with the descendants of Banu
Asad and Banu Qarah, the children of al-Hun ibn Khuzayma. At Mudrika, his
ancestry intersects with Banu Hudhayl. At Ilyas, his lineage intersects with
the descendants of Banu Tamim, their brethren, and the tribes of Banu Dabba,
Muzaynah, Rabi‘ah, Khuza‘ah, and Aslam. Among the Rabi‘ah tribes, we find Taym,
‘Adi, Thawr, and ‘Ukil.
At Mudar, the Prophet’s lineage intersects with all the tribes of Qays: including Sulaim, Mazin, Fazarah, ‘Abs, Ashja‘, Murrah, and the rest of Banu Dhubyan, Ghatafan, ‘Uqayl, Qushayr, Harish, Jadilah, ‘Ajlan, Kilab, Bakka’, Hilal, Suwa’ah, Banu Jashm, Banu Nasr, Thaqif, Sa‘d, the remaining Hawazin tribes, Muharib, ‘Adwan, Fahm, Bahilah, Ghanim, Tufawah, and the remaining clans of Qays. At Nizar, his lineage converges with the tribes of Rabi‘ah, such as Bakr, Taghlib, ‘Anazah, Banu Wa’il, ‘Abd al-Qays and their branches, and Namir ibn Qasit. At Ma‘ad, his ancestry intersects with Iyyad, beyond any doubt. At Adnan, his lineage converges with the tribes of ‘Ak and Ghaffaq.
Furthermore, through the lineage of Ibrahim, peace be upon him, the Prophet’s ancestry converges with the Israelites and those descended from ‘Isad, the son of Ishaq and brother of Ya‘qub, although such lineages are not traceable today. As for the tribes of Quda‘ah and Qahtan, the people of Yemen, Allah alone knows the specific details of their genealogies. However, it is certain that their lineage converges with that of the Prophet at the Prophet Noah. Allah is indeed the best of guides.
[1] For a detailed account of his
lineage, refer to Zad al-Ma‘ad (vol. 1) and the works of Ibn Kathir.
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